Human skin contains the cells known as melanocytes, explains Dr. Paryesh Gupta Best Skin Pigmentation Treatment Doctor in Amritsar. which are responsible for producing the pigment found in the skin called melanin, with the help of the process of melanogenesis. Too much melanin production can lead to hyperpigmented skin. It is a harmless skin condition in which the skin patches become darker in color as compared to the normal surrounding skin. Melasma, age, or liver spots are some common form of hyperpigmentation. These small, dark patches are usually found on the face and hands, and mainly in the areas exposed to the sun.
Hyperpigmentation, because of excess melanin production makes spots or skin patches appear darker than the surrounding areas. It can affect people of all skin types, and other types of hyperpigmentation can occur due to skin inflammation, cuts, acne lupus, and burns.
Melasma is also similar in appearance with age spots and is formed as a result of hormonal imbalance.
Freckles are small brown spots, and they can appear in any part of the body but mostly on the face and arms.
These freckles, age spots, and pigmentation in the skin become darker when the skin is exposed to the sun. This happens because melanin absorbs the ultraviolet rays emitted by the sun in order to protect the skin from overexposure.